武満徹

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Biography

Tokyo, Japan (1930 – 1996)

Tōru Takemitsu (武満 徹 Takemitsu Tōru, October 8, 1930–February 20, 1996) was a composer of music, who explored the compositional principles of Western classical music and his native Japanese tradition both in isolation and in combination.

Born in Tokyo, Takemitsu first became interested in Western classical music around the time of World War II. He had heard Western music on American military radio while recuperating from a long illness. He also listened to from his father’s ample collection.

Takemitsu was largely self-taught in music. He was greatly influenced by the music of Claude Debussy and Olivier Messiaen. In 1951 he founded the Jikken Kobo, a group which introduced many contemporary western composers to Japanese audiences.

Takemitsu first came to wide attention when his Requiem for string orchestra (1957) was accidentally heard and praised by Igor Stravinsky in 1959 (some Japanese people wanted Igor Stravinsky to hear some tape recorded music by Japanese composers and put in the wrong side of the tape - when they tried to take it out, Stravinsky didn’t let them). Stravinsky went on to champion Takemitsu’s work.

Takemitsu at first had little interest in traditional Japanese music, but later incorporated Japanese instruments such as the (a kind of bamboo flute) into the orchestra. November Steps (1967), a work for shakuhachi and (a kind of Japanese lute) solo and orchestra was the first piece to combine instruments from east and west. In an Autumn Garden (1973-79) is written for the kind of orchestra that would have played gagaku (traditional Japanese court music).

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