George Russell (born 1923 in Cincinnati, died in Boston in 2009, at age 86) was a
jazz composer, theorist, conductor, and drummer who was the primary force behind the creation of
modal jazz. Russell was a drummer in
Benny Carter's band in the early 1940s; he was replaced by
Max Roach and, after hearing Roach play, decided to give up drumming. He moved to New York, and was one of a group of musicians who met in the apartment of
Gil Evans (these included
Miles Davis,
Gerry Mulligan,
Max Roach,
Johnny Carisi and sometimes
Charlie Parker. In 1947, Russell was commissioned to wr…
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